arXiv AI By Akash Samanta, Manish Pratap Singh, Debasis Chaudhuri

Hidden not Deleted: How Networks Suppress Entangled Features

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The paper investigates how linear concept erasure methods fail when features are densely superposed, showing that such methods destroy both target and non‑target features. It demonstrates that networks trained with gradient descent can avoid this failure but converge to one of two distinct circuit‑level solutions—mirror or shadow—depending on initialization. The authors map this bifurcation as a function of feature entanglement, reveal a stable attractor structure, and use causal interventions to show that both solutions leave a measurable trace of the erased feature that can be recovered with a single scalar patch.

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