arXiv Machine Learning By Kunlin Cai, Kaiyuan Zhang, Zihang Xiang, Jinghuai Zhang, Abeer Alwan, Fnu Suya, Yuan Tian

Hearing the Whispers: Black-Box Membership Inference Attacks on Finetuned TTS Models

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The paper introduces a black-box membership inference attack framework tailored for fine-tuned text-to-speech models, addressing challenges in query generation and representation engineering. It evaluates five query types, finding recitation queries most effective, and uses multi-level speech embeddings with temporal alignment for fine-grained comparison. Experiments on CosyVoice2, F5-TTS, and XTTS-v2 trained on VCTK and British Dialect datasets show high privacy leakage, with speaker-level AUC above 0.80 and record-level AUC between 0.80 and 0.90.

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