Flux-form spatiotemporal neural operators for coarse-grained dynamics of multiscale PDEs

The paper introduces flux‑form spatiotemporal neural operators for predicting coarse‑grained dynamics of multiscale PDEs without relying on closure models. It learns a surrogate evolution operator from filtered high‑fidelity data, using Fourier convolution for spatial mixing and a causal kernel with time‑lag attention for temporal mixing. The method incorporates a flux‑form inductive bias to maintain conservation and provides a data‑driven rule for selecting memory length, achieving stable, accurate long‑horizon rollouts on benchmark equations and turbulent flow simulations.

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