International recruitment in France requires navigating a layered legal framework absent from existing legal AI benchmarks. We present a publicly available benchmark and first comparative evaluation for this domain, covering permit-type recommendation, required-document retrieval, and legal citation coverage.
ViLegalExpert is a large-scale Vietnamese legal benchmark built from real citizen–lawyer consultations, comprising over 172,000 questions across 34 legal domains with professional answers and expert-verified evidence. It supports legal information retrieval, extractive QA, and abstractive QA. Experiments show that while pretrained language models perform well on QA, hybrid retrieval methods achieve the best evidence retrieval, highlighting significant challenges in grounding legal answers to authoritative sources.
By Dat Tien Nguyen, Nghia Hieu Nguyen, Anh Thi-Hoang Nguyen, Dung Ha Nguyen, Kiet Van Nguyen, Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen
Trustworthy Legal AI requires systems that can answer legal questions while grounding their responses in authoritative sources. However, existing Vietnamese legal benchmarks provide limited coverage o...
arXiv:2605. 21071v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) is shifting semantic search toward a question-answering paradigm, where users ask questions and LLMs generate responses.
By Souvick Das, Sallam Abualhaija, Domenico Bianculli
The paper presents a cross‑lingual legal QA system for Vietnamese labour law, introducing a bilingual evaluation suite of 231 Vietnamese–English question–answer pairs, 75 of which are annotated for five complex legal reasoning phenomena. It evaluates a verifier‑guided pipeline that decomposes answers into claims, checks citation reachability and entailment, and corrects citation failures and contradictions, and introduces six automatic diagnostics for faithfulness to retrieved evidence. Experiments show that dense retrieval outperforms sparse and hybrid retrieval, translation placement has no significant effect on diagnostics, and verifier‑guided correction modestly improves citation preservation but not other dimensions, with human evaluation indicating a gap between automatic diagnostics and human judgments.
By Nguyen Minh Chi, Mo El-Haj, Nguyen Ha Thanh, Dawn Knight, Paul Rayson
arXiv:2609.14739v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used in high-stakes domains such as law, where systems must ground their reasoning in retrieved evidence and a...
By Rilton Franzone, Valentin No\"el, Puyu Wang, Philip Torr, Fabio J. Fehr