arXiv Machine Learning
EStream: Fast and Memory-Efficient MoE Prefill through Expert Virtualization on Mobile NPUs
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DraftExpert: Expansion-Aware Self-Speculative Decoding for End-Device MoE Inference
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LeanStream: A Speculate-and-Refine Streaming Framework for Efficient on-Device LLM Inference
LeanStream introduces a speculate‑and‑refine streaming framework that enables efficient on‑device inference of large language models by progressively refining computation, loading, and cache‑retention priorities using partial GPU results. This approach allows fine‑grained overlap between GPU execution and storage I/O, avoiding the trade‑offs of existing systems that serialize execution or incur redundant weight fetches. Implemented on mobile and embedded platforms, LeanStream reduces memory usage by 4.8× to 7.5× compared to prior work while improving token generation throughput by 1.6× to 2.1×.