arXiv Machine Learning By Giray \"On\"ur, Azita Dabiri, Bart De Schutter

Composite-Gradient Learning for Shared Control Authority Between Deep Reinforcement Learning and Model Predictive Control

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The paper introduces Composite‑Gradient Learning (CGL), a method that explicitly incorporates a model predictive controller (MPC) into the training of a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agent by treating their control inputs as a joint action. CGL updates the DRL policy while accounting for the interaction with the MPC, unlike prior approaches that view MPC merely as part of the environment. Experiments on two freeway traffic networks show that CGL performs better than alternative methods when the interaction between DRL and MPC is strong, though overall gains are modest.

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