arXiv Computer Vision By Jing Jiang, Yiran Ling, Ruonan Li, Dimitrios Stamoulis, Jie Liu

CoFiE: Coarse-to-Fine Evidence Selection for Efficient Streaming Video Understanding

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CoFiE introduces a two‑stage evidence selection framework for streaming video understanding, separating a coarse, query‑agnostic filtering of visually distinctive frames from a fine, query‑specific refinement during LLM prefill. By filtering out redundant frames before expensive vision encoding, CoFiE reduces end‑to‑end latency while maintaining high accuracy. The method achieves state‑of‑the‑art performance on benchmarks such as StreamingBench and OvO‑Bench, improving accuracy by up to 3.15% and inference speed by up to 2.54× compared to prior approaches.

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arXiv Computer Vision
Oct 19

SPARE: Shared Perception and Adaptive Retrieval of Evidence for Streaming Video Understanding

SPARE is a framework for streaming video understanding that adaptively retrieves historical evidence when recent observations are insufficient to answer a question. It uses a lightweight gate to decide when to fetch relevant past clips via a multimodal embedding model, and trains the system with LoRA instruction tuning to jointly use recent and retrieved context while abstaining when evidence is lacking. By sharing a visual encoder between understanding and retrieval branches and aligning features with linear adapters, SPARE achieves state‑of‑the‑art accuracy on OVO‑Bench and StreamingBench, outperforming Qwen3‑VL‑8B‑Instruct by over 20 percentage points on OVO‑Bench and 14 on StreamingBench.

By Senbin Xu, Zijun Zhang, Xinhua Wu, Li He, Jubo Feng, Li Qiao, Zhen Gao, Yan Zhang, Jixiang Luo, Rongrong Ji
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 3

ShallowStream: Index Shallow then Answer Deep for Streaming Video Understanding

ShallowStream is a framework for streaming video understanding that uses the shallow layers of a multimodal large language model (MLLM) to encode frames and build a lightweight index. During streaming, it maintains an always‑on index via the KV cache of shallow layers, and at query time it scores context frames using shallow‑layer attention and selects diverse evidence for answering. The approach matches the performance of leading streaming methods while cutting per‑frame prefill latency and 10‑second end‑to‑end latency by up to 52.1× and 11.9×, respectively.

By Jitai Hao, Ke Yang, Qiang Huang, Jun Yu