PrimeScientist is a system that jointly selects research directions and allocates resources for autonomous research agents. It models the problem as a sequential decision task, using an executable plan tree to track competing plans and an adaptive MCTS-based policy to balance exploration and exploitation based on remaining resources and experimental feedback. Experiments on AI research, systems, code optimization, and machine learning engineering show that PrimeScientist improves average reward by 10.3% while reducing research attempts by 50.6% compared to AutoResearch under the same budget.
By Xinle Yu, Fan Bai, Kaiser Sun, Hengshuo Miao, Abhay Anand, Zhongyan Luo, Kun Zhou, Zhen Wang
arXiv:2609.38445v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Frontier LLMs are increasingly used to automate scientific research through iterative search. We distinguish idea-driven search from solution-driven se...
By Hyeong Kyu Choi, Bhavana Dalvi Mishra, Jiefeng Chen, Mihir Parmar, Rui Meng, Chun-Liang Li, Xiangru Tang, Sharon Li, Jinsung Yoon, Tomas Pfister
arXiv:2606. 25198v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Autonomous AI Research promises to accelerate the scientific progress of machine learning.
By Antonis Antoniades, Deepak Nathani, Ritam Saha, Alfonso Amayuelas, Ivan Bercovich, Zhaotian Weng, Vignesh Baskaran, Kunal Bhatia, William Yang Wang
arXiv:2610.07625v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Automated research systems increasingly run LLM agents over long horizons, but more inference does not by itself produce more progress: agents replay...
By Qizheng Zhang, Changxiu Ji, Isaac Sun, Yuetai Li, Shubhangi Upasani, Sherry Ruan, Boyuan Ma, Fenglu Hong, Vamsidhar Kamanuru, Yoonho Lee, Yuzhen Mao, Genghan Zhang, Rulin Shao, Qiuyang Mang, Andy Dimnaku, Changran Hu, Radha Poovendran, Kunle Olukotun
arXiv:2609.07611v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Scientific ideation is the capacity to formulate novel and testable hypotheses from scientific evidence, and autonomous AI scientists depend on it. Exi...
By Yunxiang Mo, Tianshi Zheng, Yisen Gao, Rui Wang, Newt Nguyen Kim Hue Nam, Kelvin Kiu Wai Tam, Jiaxin Bai, Yangqiu Song, Ginny Wong, Simon See
Scientific progress depends on a repeated loop of exploration, experimentation, and abstraction. Researchers test candidate directions, interpret the evidence, and carry the resulting lessons into later attempts.