arXiv Machine Learning By Oren Nelson

Beyond Attention: Signed Integrated Gradients Attribution in a BiomeGPT-Style Microbiome Transformer

Read the original on arXiv Machine Learning →

arXiv:2608. 06486v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In a feature-tokenized transformer (arXiv:2106.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 1

Coarse composition suffices: tabular in-context learning for multi-activity antimicrobial peptide profiling

The study demonstrates that a simple, sequence-only approach using 330 interpretable descriptors and the TabPFN tabular foundation model can outperform complex multimodal deep learning methods for multi-label antimicrobial peptide activity prediction. On the ESCAPE benchmark (82,359 peptides, five labels), a label‑powerset TabPFN model achieved a mean average precision of 77.8%, surpassing the previous best of 72.1%. The approach also shows that predicted structure is unnecessary, that a small set of global physicochemical scalars can recover most performance, and that modeling label dependence benefits rare activities and informs assay prioritization.

By Raunak Kumar, Anuj Pal, Dhruvi Solanki, Parikshit Pareek, Juhi Singh, Jitin Singla
arXiv AI
Aug 5

A Blind Spot in Alignment: Quantifying Biosecurity Risks in Large Language Models

arXiv:2608. 02684v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are accelerating biological research, yet this same capability poses a critical biosecurity threat: models that assist in protein engineering can equally be prompted to generate predicted toxin-like sequences, potentially lowering the barrier to biological misuse.

By Shu Quan, Tianfang Hao, Sitong Fang, He Geng, Jiayi Zhou, Boyuan Chen, Kaile Wang, Donghai Hong, Juntao Dai, Yaodong Yang, Jiaming Ji