Bayesian Matrix-Valued Graphs for Context-Dependent Multivariate Relationships
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The paper introduces Bayesian matrix-valued graphs (BMVG), where each edge is represented by a symmetric positive-definite matrix instead of a scalar weight, allowing the capture of direction-dependent interactions in scientific graphs. Using the affine-invariant Riemannian metric, BMVG quantifies deformation magnitude and signed directions of edge changes across contexts, and demonstrates competitive performance against existing methods in precision recovery and structural change detection. Experiments on weather data and TCGA-BRCA gene networks show that BMVG can reveal context-dependent reconfigurations in spatial coupling and gene-module interactions.
The paper introduces a moment-guided edge sampling framework that quantifies how local edge edits affect global graph structure using spectral moments of the random-walk transition matrix. Two complementary methods— a combinatorial closed‑form update for low‑order moments and a low‑rank approach exploiting locality and cyclic trace invariance— enable efficient computation of moment changes for single or batched edits. These moment changes serve as interpretable structural signatures, and preserving them is shown to retain key graph properties such as triangle‑weighted clustering, while also improving performance in supervised node classification and graph contrastive learning.
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