arXiv Computation and Language By Xiulin Yang, Ethan Gotlieb Wilcox, Catherine Arnett

Apples to Apples? Towards Comparable Crosslingual Language Model Evaluation

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The paper investigates how to fairly compare language models across languages, noting that current evaluation methods vary widely and lack empirical validation. By training controlled monolingual models on parallel data and testing multilingual LLMs, the authors find that many normalized metrics suffer from biases due to tokenization, encoding, and orthographic differences. Instead, they recommend using sentence‑level negative log‑likelihood over semantically equivalent sequences for more reliable cross‑lingual comparisons.

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