arXiv:2607. 08017v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large-Language Models (LLMs) can be prone to flawed and unfaithful reasoning that decoding strategies like Self-Consistency (SC) fail to detect as they evaluate only final-answer agreement while ignoring the logical validity of intermediate steps.
By Riccardo Revalor, Jalees Rehman, Debjit Pal
arXiv:2608. 15147v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine intelligence has conquered the symbolic world but stalled at the physical one.
By Jiang Jiang (Persagy Science and Technology Co., Beijing, China), Yifu Sun (Persagy Science and Technology Co., Beijing, China), Qi Shen (Persagy Science and Technology Co., Beijing, China)
The paper introduces a pipeline that automatically creates ontology‑grounded multiple‑choice question benchmarks for evaluating large language models (LLMs) on logical reasoning tasks in scientific AI. By using OWL 2 ontologies, correct answers are guaranteed by design and distractors are generated and formally verified as incorrect through an OWL reasoner. Experiments on three ontologies—Pizza, PMDco, and DOID—yielded 112, 2,491, and 15,216 MCQs, respectively, with high natural‑language quality and challenging zero‑shot performance for six LLMs.
By Nishtha N. Vaidya, Stephan Grimm, Thomas Hubauer, Thomas A. Runkler
arXiv:2604. 17621v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Many real-world questions appear deceptively simple yet implicitly demand two capabilities: (i) systematic coverage of a bounded knowledge universe and (ii) compositional set-based reasoning over that universe, a phenomenon we term "the tip of the iceberg.
By Xiao Zhang, Qianru Meng, Yongjian Chen, Yumeng Wang, Johan Bos
Baobab compiles an OWL 2 DL (ΣROIQ) ontology with a finite ABox into a Sentential Decision Diagram (SDD), saturating a propositional core and instantiating remaining DL features over the active domain. The resulting evidence‑conditioned weighted model count trains a perception network to recognize real images under partial ABox supervision, enabling a CNN to recover latent ontology concepts that an independent perception would miss. When supervision allows multiple ontology‑consistent completions, Baobab’s mixture indexed by query justifications represents the calibrated posterior, achieving Bayes‑optimal performance on a real‑image MNIST task where single‑WMC and learned mixtures fail, thereby characterizing and mitigating reasoning shortcuts in a non‑Horn description logic.
By Olga Mashkova, Asaad Mohammedsaleh, Fernando Zhapa-Camacho, Robert Hoehndorf
arXiv:2608. 12961v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The OWL 2 EL profile is used in some of the largest production ontologies, including the Gene Ontology and SNOMED CT.
By Olga Mashkova, Asaad Mohammedsaleh, Fernando Zhapa-Camacho, Robert Hoehndorf