arXiv Machine Learning

CATPO: Critique-Augmented Tree Policy Optimization

arXiv:2606. 08346v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a dominant paradigm for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs).

arXiv AI
Jun 10

TRACE: A Unified Rollout Budget Allocation Framework for Efficient Agentic Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2606. 11119v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is a promising approach for enhancing reasoning and agentic behavior in large language models.

By Heming Zou, Qi Wang, Yun Qu, Yuhang Jiang, Lizhou Cai, Yixiu Mao, Ru Peng, Xin Xu, Weijie Liu, Kai Yang, Saiyong Yang, Xiangyang Ji
arXiv AI
Jun 15

Deep Dense Exploration for LLM Reinforcement Learning via Pivot-Driven Resampling

arXiv:2602. 14169v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Effective exploration is a key challenge in reinforcement learning for large language models: discovering high-quality trajectories within a limited sampling budget from the vast natural language sequence space.

By Yiran Guo, Zhongjian Qiao, Yingqi Xie, Jie Liu, Dan Ye, Ruiqing Zhang, Shuang Qiu, Lijie Xu
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 2

Advantage Collapse in Group Relative Policy Optimization: Diagnosis and Mitigation

arXiv:2605. 21125v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), a prominent algorithm within the Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) framework, has achieved strong results in improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs).

By Xixiang He, Qiyao Sun, Ao Cheng, Xingming Li, Xuanyu Ji, Hailun Lu, Runke Huang, Qingyong Hu
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 21

Implicit Actor Critic Coupling via a Supervised Learning Framework for RLVR

arXiv:2509. 02522v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) have empowered large language models (LLMs) to tackle challenging reasoning tasks such as mathematics and programming, however existing RLVR methods often suffer from sparse reward signals and unstable policy gradient updates inherent to RL-based approaches.

By Jiaming Li, Longze Chen, Ze Gong, Yukun Chen, Lu Wang, Wanwei He, Run Luo, Min Yang
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 25

ExTra: Exploratory Trajectory Optimization for Language Model Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2606. 24994v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) for language-model reasoning can fail at both extremes of task difficulty: easy prompts often produce all-correct, low-diversity rollout groups with little gradient signal, while hard prompts can produce all-incorrect groups with no positive reward.

By Wenyang Hu, Junxiang Jia, Zhen Shu, Daniel Dahlmeier, See-Kiong Ng, Bryan Kian Hsiang Low