arXiv AI

Accurate but Not Humble: Evaluating Epistemic Humility in LLM Agents under Knowledge Conflict

The paper introduces a new evaluation for large language model agents called epistemic humility (EH), which measures an agent’s ability to recognize, act on, and communicate uncertainty when evidence conflicts with prior beliefs. EH is operationalized through three trajectory-level behaviors—Identify, Solve, and Escalate (ISE)—and tested in both controlled and naturally occurring knowledge conflict scenarios. Results show that higher task accuracy does not guarantee greater epistemic humility, and that model-level interventions can improve EH but often reduce accuracy, indicating that humility depends on the interplay between the backbone model, agent harness, and environment.

arXiv AI
Oct 1

Beyond the Shadows of Plato's Cave: Evaluating False Memory in Autonomous Agents via Counterfactual Reasoning

The paper introduces FAME, a training‑free framework that evaluates false memory in autonomous agents by tracking how their internal beliefs shift under counterfactual scenarios. False memory, defined as biases arising from spurious correlations, environment shifts, or knowledge conflicts, is hard to detect with standard methods. FAME measures concept drift in hidden states, achieving AUROCs between 76.2% and 96.7% and outperforming baselines on benchmarks such as GSM‑Symbolic, GitChameleon, and BigBench‑Hard.

By Quan M. Tran, Zhuo Huang, Zhen Fang, Jing Zhang, Mingming Gong, Tongliang Liu