arXiv Machine Learning

QuantumPhaseNet: A Gauge-Covariant Geometric and Quantum-Spectral Theory of Semantic Concept Hierarchies with Prototype Validation of a Classical Quantum-Inspired Model

arXiv:2608. 15820v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present QuantumPhaseNet, a gauge-covariant geometric and quantum-spectral extension of Transformer representations.

arXiv AI
Sep 16

QART: A Quantum-Classical Hybrid Architecture for Long-Horizon Reasoning -- Exploring a Conditional Path toward Quantum Scaling

QART is a quantum‑classical hybrid architecture that augments a language model with quantum encoding, CIM‑based QUBO optimization, and quantum decoding to improve long‑horizon reasoning. The authors claim that, under certain assumptions, QART can maintain a non‑zero probability of recovering an optimal reasoning path while traditional autoregressive LLMs see their acceptance probability drop to zero as cumulative risk grows. Experiments on six benchmarks with three backbone models show that QART outperforms the baselines in 14 of 15 pairings, with relative gains up to 84.0% on SciCode.

By Lehao Lin, Yuheng Cheng, Guolong Liu, Yao Li, Xuning Tan, Xiyuan Zhou, Ruixi Zou, Shi Wang, Huan Zhao, Wenxuan Liu, Haifeng Wu, Junhua Zhao
arXiv Machine Learning
6d ago

Matched but Not Better: An Equivalence-Tested Benchmark of Quantum Machine Learning on Six Clinical Datasets and the QML-Health-READY Reporting Framework

The study compared a quantum-kernel support vector machine (QSVM) and a variational quantum classifier (VQC) against five tuned classical models across six public clinical datasets, using identical inputs and cross-validation splits. Neither quantum model significantly outperformed any classical counterpart; pooled results showed QSVM differed from a matched RBF SVM by only –0.006 AUROC, and VQC differed from the best classical model by –0.007 AUROC. The authors also introduced the QML-Health-READY eight‑domain reporting framework to guide credible claims in quantum machine learning for health.

By Mohammed Siraj B, Gousia Habib, Ruban S
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 22

Watching Quantum Models Think: Hilbert-Space Interpretability in Quantum Transformer Blocks

The paper demonstrates that quantum transformer blocks can be intrinsically interpretable by tracking quantum mutual information, entanglement entropy, and state fidelity across layers. Experiments on four synthetic tasks show that learned mutual information aligns with task structure, entanglement is essential for accuracy, and mutual information predicts prediction correctness. These findings are validated on IBM Quantum hardware, illustrating that quantum computation’s physics can provide observable interpretability signals.

By Diego Iacopetta, Andrea Gasparini
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 22

Can Quantum Layers offer Performance and Security Advantages in Vision-Language Models?

The paper investigates the use of classically simulated quantum layers in vision‑language models, specifically adding or replacing components in the LLaVA‑OneVision backbone. Experiments with 4‑ and 8‑qubit circuits show that inserting a quantum layer after the visual projector can raise development accuracy by 2.28 percentage points, while replacing the final decoder feed‑forward sublayer reduces trainable parameters by 13.07 million with only a modest drop in accuracy. The study also evaluates robustness against six attack scenarios, mapping where quantum layers improve or degrade performance and security in multimodal models.

By Md Khalid Syfullah, Alvi Ataur Khalil
arXiv Machine Learning
Nov 2

Overcoming the Representational Limitations of Amplitude Encoding for Quantum Neural Networks

The paper identifies a representational limitation of amplitude encoding in quantum neural networks: normalization makes the encoding invariant to nonzero real rescaling of inputs, which restricts the hypothesis class regardless of the circuit architecture. The authors derive a condition for deterministic preprocessing that removes this ambiguity and propose a fixed nonlinear feature map that distinguishes all real inputs while keeping logarithmic qubit scaling. Experiments on three classification benchmarks and a synthetic dataset show that this new encoding improves accuracy by 21–44 % over both conventional amplitude and angle encodings and a classical neural network.

By Vincent Gurgul, David Prinz