The paper investigates how long‑horizon language model agents encode memory‑management signals before taking actions. By examining hidden states just prior to each action, the authors find that the model already signals the need for compression and recall, independent of context length or interaction progress, and that these signals vary across model depth. They propose the Preaction Memory with Evidence Retrieval (PaMER) framework, which uses state‑guided compression and selective evidence retrieval to reduce context consumption while preserving task performance.
By Mingxuan Wang, Guorun Yao, Fei Luo, Yinglong Guo, Chao Ning, Bo Wang, Hongyue Chen, Yanbiao Ma, Jungong Han
arXiv:2510. 00615v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agents in dynamic real-world environments, where success depends on maintaining precise records of actions and observations.
By Minki Kang, Wei-Ning Chen, Dongge Han, Huseyin A. Inan, Lukas Wutschitz, Yanzhi Chen, Robert Sim, Saravan Rajmohan
Long horizon language model agents continually accumulate reasoning history, increasing context length and inference cost even after earlier decisions have been executed and observed. Unlike static Chain of Thought compression, removing historical reasoning can change future actions and the resulting interaction trajectory.
Long‑horizon language model agents accumulate reasoning history, which inflates context length and inference cost. The paper introduces Interaction Aware Compression for Long Horizon Reasoning (ICLR), a training‑free online method that ranks and removes reasoning blocks based on frozen proxy entropy while preserving actions, tool calls, and observations. On 260 WorkBuddyBench tasks, ICLR raises average reward from 0.699 to 0.718 and cuts input, output, and cache read tokens by 25.5%, 14.4%, and 33.3% respectively, while analyses show that historical reasoning becomes replaceable once task‑relevant state is externalized.
By Mingxuan Wang, Fei Luo, Bo Wang, Guorun Yao, Yinglong Guo, Chao Ning, Hongyue Chen, Yanbiao Ma, Jungong Han
arXiv:2608. 02515v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Long-running assistants and agents consume interaction streams that eventually outgrow the context.
By Zhichen Liu, Ruihan Sun, Hengjie Yang, Zipeng Wu, Zhaohan Chen, Xiaofan Zhang, Yang Xu
Beyond Memory: Harnessing Long-Horizon Agents with Explicit Belief States introduces PoS, an inference-time framework that builds and maintains explicit belief states to guide large language model agents. Each belief state combines an estimate of the current world with unresolved task requirements, making clear what the agent still needs to learn and accomplish. PoS validates consistency, monitors task progress to detect Belief Trapping, and tailors recovery to the trapping pattern and unresolved requirements, achieving top performance across four benchmarks with all three LLM backbones.
By Yu Luo, Jiamin Jiang, Yimin Zuo, Xidao Wen, Rongchen Gao, Yongqian Sun, Shenglin Zhang, Guiyang Liu, Cheng Zhang, Fang Situ, Qi Zhou, Dan Pei
arXiv:2608. 06503v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recurrent context compression controls context growth in long-horizon agents, but its behavioral effects remain poorly understood.
By Guanghui Min, Liang Wu, Mayank Darbari, Chen Chen, Liangjie Hong
arXiv:2606. 13177v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly expected to operate over long-term interactions, where information from past dialogues must be preserved and recalled to support future tasks.
By Minjae Kim, Jinheon Baek, Soyeong Jeong, Sung Ju Hwang
arXiv:2606. 31564v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The increasing complexity of agentic tasks has led to rapidly growing trajectory lengths, which poses significant challenges for large language model (LLM) based agents with fixed context windows.
By Ning Liao, Zihao Long, Xiaoxing Wang, Xue Yang, Yaoming Wang, Ziyuan Zhuang, Xunliang Cai, Rongxiang Weng, Junchi Yan
Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly expected to operate over long-term interactions, where information from past dialogues must be preserved and recalled to support future tasks. However, as interactions accumulate, the memory store grows without bound and fills with redundant entries that inflate storage cost and degrade retrieval by crowding out the most useful evidence.
CoEM introduces a Commit-on-Evidence Memory system that learns when to compress source evidence into compact memory facts while preserving potentially useful excerpts verbatim in a pending set. The system uses a learned policy to decide whether to promote, retain, or discard each pending excerpt as new context arrives, and a frozen verifier ensures only supported facts are committed. Reinforcement learning trains this policy with step-level evidence rewards and final answer rewards, leading to consistent improvements in long-context reasoning, achieving 10.4–11.4 F1 points over the strongest baseline on 6,400-document inputs.
By Jingguang Li, Yebo Wu, Zuyi Guo, Kailang Ma, Xianjie Dai, Han Zheng, Benwang Chen, Li Li, Can Rong, Heye Huang
arXiv:2608. 03463v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long-term memory is essential for LLM-based agents to sustain interactions and reliably leverage distant history.
By Yuxin Liao, Le Wu, Min Hou, Hao Liu, Han Wu, Zishu Wang