Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown strong capabilities in generating visualization code from textual or visual specifications. However, real-world visualization authoring is inherently iterative: users frequently revise existing visualizations to repair flawed charts or adapt them to desired styles.
Lexara-RF introduces reference‑free metrics for evaluating conversational visual analytics agents that generate visualizations and natural‑language explanations. The framework uses only the prompt, data, and model response to score outputs, applying 13 metrics derived from visualization design theory and Gricean principles as consistency, intent‑alignment, and design validity checks. In tests against a human‑rated corpus, Lexara‑RF matches reference‑based methods, outperforms surface‑similarity NLG baselines, and accurately identifies structurally grounded failures.
By Srishti Palani, Vidya Setlur
arXiv:2603. 29139v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled agentic systems to translate natural-language intent into executable scientific visualization (SciVis) tasks.
By Kuangshi Ai, Haichao Miao, Kaiyuan Tang, Nathaniel Gorski, Jianxin Sun, Guoxi Liu, Helgi I. Ingolfsson, David Lenz, Hanqi Guo, Hongfeng Yu, Teja Leburu, Michael Molash, Bei Wang, Tom Peterka, Chaoli Wang, Shusen Liu
The paper surveys Multimodal Code Intelligence, focusing on tasks where code is generated, edited, refined, or reasoned about under visually grounded inputs such as screenshots, charts, and videos. It categorizes the field by the role of code—rendered artifact, editable structure, intermediate reasoning trace, or executable tool interface—and organizes benchmarks into four domains: Graphical User Interface, Scientific Visualization, Structured Graphics, and Frontier Tasks and Frameworks. The authors argue that reliable evaluation must include evidence of semantics and interaction beyond visual fidelity, and propose four verification-centered research directions to advance the field toward evidence-grounded executable systems.
By Xuanle Zhao, Qiushi Sun, Jingyu Xiao, Xuexin Liu, Haoyue Yang, Qiaosheng Chen, Xianzhen Luo, Jing Huang, Yufeng Zhong, Lei Chen, Shuai Fu, Zhenlin Wei, Jinhe Bi, Lei Jiang, Haibo Qiu, Siqi Yang, Peng Shi, Jian Hu, Zhixiong Zeng
arXiv:2510.17932v5 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: We introduce Chart2Code, a new benchmark for evaluating the chart understanding and code generation capabilities of large multimodal models (...
By Jiahao Tang, Henry Hengyuan Zhao, Lijian Wu, Zijian Zhang, Yifei Tao, Dongxing Mao, Yang Wan, Jingru Tan, Min Zeng, Min Li, Alex Jinpeng Wang
arXiv:2607. 15205v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Real repository issues routinely include visual evidence such as screenshots, error dialogs, rendered UI states, and logs, yet repository-level issue localization is evaluated mostly as a text-only task.
By Shaoxiong Zhan, Shi Hu, Boyu Feng, Hai Lin, Andrew Gong, Zhengda Zhou, Jiaying Zhou, Yunyun Hou, Hao Su, Hai-Tao Zheng
arXiv:2608.03464v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Annotations are essential to communicative visualization, helping explain data, emphasize key findings, and guide attention. While multimodal large...
By Zhenghan Chen, Zekai Shao, Lidan Tan, Xin Lin, Xingchen Zeng, Yi Shan, Ziyue Lin, Xiaoliang Fu, Xinyuan Liu, Yuetong Guo, Fen Wang, Bongshin Lee, Siming Chen
arXiv:2609.24210v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Building strong chart-to-code systems increasingly relies on reinforcement learning, whose effectiveness depends critically on the quality of the rewar...
By Lijian Wu, Henry Hengyuan Zhao, Zijian Zhang, Jiahao Tang, Jiajun Wu, Alex Jinpeng Wang
arXiv:2607. 24354v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Automatic prompt optimization (APO) has been widely adopted to adapt vision-language models (VLMs) to downstream tasks without weight updates, yielding promising results.
By Haoyue Liu, Xiaoyu Ma, Ye Chen, Yuexian Zou, Xiaoying Tang
arXiv:2605.31351v2 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: AI-based Visually Impaired Assistance (VIA) remains challenging, largely due to the high cost of human evaluation. The VLM-as-a-Judge paradig...
By Yi Zhao, Siqi Wang, Zhe Hu, Yushi Li, Jing Li
arXiv:2608.29374v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Tool-augmented multimodal reasoning integrates external tools (e.g., object detection, depth estimation) into multimodal large language models (MLLMs)...
By Yu Cheng, Arushi Goel, Hakan Bilen
arXiv:2608.24138v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large vision-language models have shown strong progress in UI-to-code generation, yet their test-time self-evolution remains unstable. We first identif...
By Tianyi Xiong, Zhengyuan Yang, Xiaofei Wang, Chung-Ching Lin, Ruichun Ma, Kevin Lin, Zhendong Wang, Linjie Li, Chenxi Liu, Ruibo Chen, Ramani Duraiswami, Heng Huang, Lijuan Wang