arXiv AI

Tuning the Implicit Regularizer of Masked Diffusion Language Models: Enhancing Generalization via Insights from $k$-Parity

arXiv:2601. 22450v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Masked Diffusion Language Models have recently emerged as a powerful generative paradigm, yet their generalization properties remain understudied compared to their auto-regressive counterparts.

arXiv AI
Sep 18

Zarya: A Hybrid Autoregressive--Masked Diffusion Language Model with Flexible Training and Dual-Mode Inference

Zarya is a hybrid language model that jointly trains an autoregressive objective and a masked-diffusion objective within a single architecture. It structures training data into variable-size slots and uses a curriculum that gradually increases slot granularity, allowing a smooth transition from fine-grained AR learning to coarse-grained diffusion learning. At inference, Zarya offers two decoding modes—MDM sampling with first-hitting denoising and slotted speculative decoding that interleaves diffusion-based selection with autoregressive infilling—while fully decoupling training and inference regimes and supporting extensive configurability.

By Leonid Sinev, Ilya Koziev, Vladislav Leshchuk
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 5

Masks Can Be Distracting: On Context Comprehension in Diffusion Language Models

arXiv:2511. 21338v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Masked Diffusion Language Models (MDLMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to Autoregressive Language Models (ARLMs), leveraging a denoising objective that, in principle, should enable more uniform context utilisation.

By Julianna Piskorz, Cristina Pinneri, Alvaro Correia, Motasem Alfarra, Risheek Garrepalli, Christos Louizos
arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 23

Informed Masking: Structure-Aware Perturbation for Reinforcement Learning in Diffusion Large Language Models

Informed Masking (IM) is a new technique for aligning Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) with Reinforcement Learning (RL). It identifies a systematic upstream/downstream token structure in dLLM rollouts and shows that masking downstream tokens creates better subproblems for likelihood estimation. When integrated into three state‑of‑the‑art dLLM RL methods on LLaDA‑8B‑Instruct, IM yields up to 2.01%, 8.68%, and 5.77% relative average gains on math and planning benchmarks while improving training stability.

By Xiaoyi Yu, Enver Sangineto, Pei Fu, Fiorenzo Parascandolo, Wenhui Tan, Ruikang Zhang, Rita Cucchiara, Ruihua Song, Jian Luan
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 26

Generalization, memorization, and overfitting for diffusion models trained in the lazy high-dimensional regime

The paper investigates diffusion models trained in a lazy high‑dimensional regime, extending benign overfitting theory to generative settings. By analyzing denoising score matching in a vector‑valued RKHS with an inner‑product kernel, the authors derive exact risk trajectories under gradient flow when the number of samples scales proportionally with dimensionality. These trajectories reveal three distinct phases—spectral generalization, noise‑dominated interpolation, and empirical Bayes memorization—whose interplay shapes the distribution of generated samples.

By Hugo Latourelle-Vigeant, Sinho Chewi, Aram-Alexandre Pooladian, John Sous, Theodor Misiakiewicz
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 10

The Emergence of Reproducibility and Generalizability in Diffusion Models

arXiv:2310. 05264v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In this work, we investigate an intriguing and prevalent phenomenon of diffusion models which we term as "consistent model reproducibility": given the same starting noise input and a deterministic sampler, different diffusion models often yield remarkably similar outputs.

By Huijie Zhang, Jinfan Zhou, Yifu Lu, Minzhe Guo, Peng Wang, Liyue Shen, Qing Qu