The paper investigates how AI code agents perform when the surrounding code is rewritten in a semantically equivalent way. Using a random variant sampler that applies control‑flow rewrites, dead‑code injection, and identifier renaming, the authors evaluate two agent scaffolds—mini‑SWE agent and OpenCode—backed by four frontier models across SWE‑bench datasets. Results show modest drops in resolve‑rate (up to 6.7 percentage points) with significant degradations in 6 of 16 configurations, and reveal that robustness varies across models and scaffolds, forming a jagged frontier.
By Hasan Najib Mahmud (Colorado State University), Shreya Gupta (Microsoft), Isha Chaudhary (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Nathaniel Enis (Colorado State University), Ravi Mangal (Colorado State University), Gagandeep Singh (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Corina Pasareanu (Carnegie Mellon University)
arXiv:2507. 11059v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering has revealed critical limitations in existing benchmarks, particularly the widely used SWE-bench dataset.
By Pavel Adamenko, Mikhail Ivanov, Aidar Valeev, Rodion Levichev, Pavel Zadorozhny, Ivan Lopatin, Dmitry Babaev, Alena Fenogenova, Valentin Malykh
arXiv:2608. 14863v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-based coding agents have advanced rapidly on single-process SWE tasks, with frontier models now clustering in the high-70s on SWE-bench Verified.
By Yibo Yan, Huijuan Wang, Junzhou He, Yizhuo Liang, Shaoyu Wang, Huanchen Sun, Seo Jin Park
arXiv:2607. 18161v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Coding agents are increasingly used to accelerate code generation in many downstream tasks, such as fixing bugs, building applications, and prototyping.
By Alex Mathai, Shobini Iyer, Aleksandr Nogikh, Petros Maniatis, Franjo Ivancic, Junfeng Yang, Baishakhi Ray
arXiv:2607. 03691v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Coding agents, autonomous systems that use large language models (LLMs) to resolve software engineering tasks, rely on agent harness: a middleware layer in between a developer and a large language model that orchestrates system prompts, tool execution, context management, and iterative reasoning loops.
By Oussama Ben Sghaier, Hao Li, Bram Adams, Ahmed E. Hassan
arXiv:2606. 12344v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: General-purpose agents such as OpenClaw are increasingly used as autonomous tool users, but their coding ability is difficult to measure under SWE-bench: a generic agent does not by itself satisfy the clean Docker workspace, patch, and prediction contract required for scoring.
By Mengyu Zheng, Kai Han, Boxun Li, Haiyang Xu, Yuchuan Tian, Wei He, Hang Zhou, Jianyuan Guo, Hailin Hu, Lin Ma, Chao Xu, Guohao Dai, Lixue Xia, Yunchao Wei, Yunhe Wang, Yu Wang
arXiv:2607. 03691v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Coding agents, autonomous systems that use large language models (LLMs) to resolve software engineering tasks, rely on agentic scaffolding: a middleware layer in between a developer and a large language model that orchestrates system prompts, tool execution, context management, and iterative reasoning loops.
By Oussama Ben Sghaier, Hao Li, Bram Adams, Ahmed E. Hassan
arXiv:2609.00077v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Code-level autonomous research loops (ARLs) have recently emerged as a concrete object of study in automated machine learning research. In such loops,...
By Bowei He, Weixu Zhang, Yili Jin, Xue Liu
arXiv:2607. 20499v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models generate plausible backend code, but a single-pass paradigm provides no guarantee of correctness or runtime reliability.
By Sai Deekshith Lekkala, Jothi Prabha Appadurai, Rohith Reddy Bellibatlu, Manpreet Singh
arXiv:2509. 22097v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language model-powered code agents are rapidly transforming software engineering, yet the security risks of their generated code have become a critical concern.
By Junkai Chen, Huihui Huang, Yunbo Lyu, Junwen An, Jieke Shi, Chengran Yang, Ting Zhang, Haoye Tian, Yikun Li, Zhenhao Li, Xin Zhou, Xing Hu, David Lo
arXiv:2604. 07341v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Most repository-level code translation and validation techniques have been evaluated on a single source-target programming language (PL) pair, owing to the complex engineering effort required to adapt new PL pairs.
By Ali Reza Ibrahimzada, Brandon Paulsen, Daniel Kroening, Reyhaneh Jabbarvand
General-purpose agents such as OpenClaw are increasingly used as autonomous tool users, but their coding ability is difficult to measure under SWE-bench: a generic agent does not by itself satisfy the clean Docker workspace, patch, and prediction contract required for scoring. We introduce Claw-SWE-Bench, a multilingual SWE-bench-style benchmark and adapter protocol that makes heterogeneous agent harnesses, or claws, comparable under fair settings including a fixed prompt, runtime budget, workspace contract, patch extraction procedure, and evaluator.