arXiv Machine Learning

Let CSP Be Your ANCHOR: Adaptive Crystal Search over Frozen Structure Priors

The paper proposes ANCHOR, a composition policy that decouples crystal structure prediction (CSP) from de novo crystal generation (DNG) by using a frozen CSP model as a fixed evaluator and training the policy with multi‑objective rewards, including adaptive novelty. ANCHOR significantly improves metrics such as MSUN and SUN compared to traditional DNG approaches, and demonstrates transferability across different CSP backbones and distillation into Crystalite‑CSP. The study shows that fine‑tuning DNG models directly on these rewards yields limited gains, whereas the ANCHOR framework better leverages the CSP prior for more efficient crystal discovery.

arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 23

Deep Generative Crystal Structure Prediction: A Benchmark Study and a Controlled Test of Prototype Dependence

The study benchmarks 12 deep generative crystal structure prediction models against the template-based TCSP 2.0 on 180 test structures, finding that template retrieval achieves the highest top‑1 success (68.3%). Most generative predictions overlap with template substitutions, and removing entire stoichiometric prototype families from training reduces accuracy by 50‑78%, indicating strong prototype dependence. Only a small subset of predictions remain after such removal, suggesting limited genuine de‑novo capability.

By Lai Wei, Rongzhi Dong, Ying Feng, Madeline Miklos, Jianjun Hu
arXiv AI
Sep 11

uFlowCSP: Crystal Structure Prediction using Mean flow generative models

uFlowCSP is a MeanFlow-based crystal structure prediction model that learns the average probability‑flow velocity, enabling it to generate complete crystal structures in one to five network evaluations. It achieves inference speeds 5×–58× faster than diffusion and flow‑matching methods while matching or surpassing their performance, with a chemistry‑ and symmetry‑aware Transformer that uses canonical atom ordering and per‑token chemistry embeddings. On the MP‑20 benchmark, uFlowCSP attains comparable or higher accuracy with far fewer evaluations and significantly lower wall‑clock time, demonstrating improved accuracy per network evaluation.

By Sourin Dey, Dipannoy Das Gupta, Lai Wei, Sadman Sadeed Omee, Jianjun Hu
arXiv AI
Jun 18

LLMZero: Discovering Adaptive Training Strategies for RL Post-Training via LLM Agents

arXiv:2606. 18388v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: RL post-training strategies are dataset-dependent and reveal a recurring empirical pattern: capacity parameters accumulate monotonically across stages, while regularization parameters predominantly oscillate in response to shifting training dynamics.

By Haoyang Fang, Wei Zhu, Boran Han, Alex Zhang, Zhenyu Pan, Shuo Yang, Shuai Zhang, Jiading Gai, Peng Tang, Cuixiong Hu, Xuan Zhu, Huzefa Rangwala, George Karypis, Bernie Wang
arXiv AI
Jun 9

MatMind: A Structure-Activity Knowledge-Driven Generative Foundation Model for Materials Science

arXiv:2606. 07712v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Progress in AI-driven crystal materials science has so far been carried by narrow architectures purpose-built for individual tasks -- graph neural networks for property prediction, diffusion and flow-matching models for crystal generation -- each excelling within its niche yet unable to act as a shared backbone across the full spectrum of materials problems.

By Zhan'ao Yao, Boxuan Zhang, Jingyuan Shu, Xiaoyu Wu, Rongyan Wang, Linjing Li, Dajun Zeng, Yudong Yao, Tingwei Chen, Youwei Wang, Xiaolin Zhao, Jiahui Shi, Jianjun Liu