The paper introduces Instruct-to-Act, a system that decouples planning and control by combining a vision‑language model (VLM) planner with a world‑model controller. The VLM generates sparse, high‑level text instructions, while the controller executes them at high frequency, trained via relabeling rollouts with synthetic instructions and joint optimization of behavior cloning, reward, and world‑model objectives. Across seven embodied environments—including multi‑agent settings—this approach outperforms controller‑only and direct VLM action methods, maintains fast control, and allows swapping pretrained VLM planners without fine‑tuning, achieving competitive results with strong baselines on most tasks.
By Zineng Tang, Kelsey R. Allen, Sjoerd van Steenkiste, Ishita Dasgupta, Alane Suhr
arXiv:2510. 14828v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Improving the reasoning capabilities of embodied agents is crucial for robots to complete complex human instructions in long-view manipulation tasks successfully.
By Jinrui Liu, Bingyan Nie, Boyu Li, Yaran Chen, Yuze Wang, Shunsen He, Haoran Li
arXiv:2608. 04765v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a unified paradigm for connecting visual perception, language understanding, and robotic control.
By Houze Xu, Jizhong Li, Ziyi Ye
arXiv:2606. 10918v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The recent trend in scaling models for robot learning has resulted in impressive policies that can perform various manipulation tasks and generalize to novel scenarios.
By Artur Kuramshin, \"Ozg\"ur Aslan, Cyrus Neary, Glen Berseth
arXiv:2606. 17924v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models face a trade-off between efficient action generation and explicit deliberation.
By Bochen Yang, Lianlei Shan
arXiv:2607. 05377v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promise toward generalist manipulation policies, they struggle with long-horizon tasks due to their Markovian nature-relying solely on current observations.
By Jiaqi Peng, Xiqian Yu, Delin Feng, Yuqiang Yang, Wenzhe Cai, Jing Xiong, Ganlin Yang, Jinliang Zheng, Jiafei Cao, Xueyuan Wei, Jiangmiao Pang, Yuan Shen, Tai Wang
arXiv:2608. 19891v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How to efficiently finetune robot policies to learn new tasks on the fly?
By Bhavya Sukhija, Oliver Groth, Mohit Shridhar, Tim Hertweck, Michael Bloesch, Markus Wulfmeier, Abbas Abdolmaleki, Martin Riedmiller
arXiv:2512. 19178v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Bridging the gap between natural language commands and autonomous execution in unstructured environments remains an open challenge for robotics.
By Jin Wang, Kim Tien Ly, Jacques Cloete, Jin Jin, Nikos Tsagarakis, Ioannis Havoutis
arXiv:2601. 20334v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Robotic manipulation has increasingly adopted vision-language-action (VLA) models, which achieve strong performance but typically require task-specific demonstrations and fine-tuning, and often generalize poorly under domain shift.
By Brian Y. Tsui, Alan Y. Fang, Tiffany J. Hwu
arXiv:2605. 30280v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Embodied intelligence is often studied through specialized models for individual tasks such as manipulation or navigation, resulting in fragmented capabilities and limited generalization across tasks, environments, and robot embodiments.
By Qiuyue Wang, Mingsheng Li, Jian Guan, Jinhui Ye, Sicheng Xie, Yitao Liu, Junhao Chen, Zhixuan Liang, Jie Zhang, Xintong Hu, Xuhong Huang, Pei Lin, Junyang Lin, Dayiheng Liu, Shuai Bai, Jingren Zhou, Jiazhao Zhang, Haoqi Yuan, Gengze Zhou, Hang Yin, Ye Wang, Yiyang Huang, Zixing Lei, Wujian Peng, Delin Chen, Yingming Zheng, Jingyang Fan, Xianwei Zhuang, Xin Zhou, Haoyang Li, Anzhe Chen, Tong Zhang, Xuejing Liu, Yuchong Sun, Ruizhe Chen, Zhaohai Li, Chenxu L\"u, Zhibo Yang, Tao Yu, Xionghui Chen
arXiv:2605. 30226v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for grounding visual-language understanding into real-world robotic manipulation.
By Zhongxi Chen, Yifan Han, Yanming Shao, Huanming Liu, Congsheng Xu, Xiaoyu Chen, Yao Mu, Wenzhao Lian
LoopVLA introduces a recurrent Vision‑Language‑Action architecture that learns to refine multimodal representations, predict actions, and estimate when further refinement is unnecessary. By iteratively applying a shared Transformer block and producing a sufficiency score at each step, it decouples refinement from fixed layer indices and aligns confidence scores with action quality through a self‑supervised objective. Experiments on LIBERO, LIBERO‑Plus, and VLA‑Arena demonstrate that LoopVLA reduces model parameters by 45% and boosts inference throughput up to 1.7× while matching or surpassing strong baselines in task success.
By Boyang Shen, Kaixiang Yang, Hao Wang, Qiuyu Yu, Qiang Xie, Qiang Li, Zhiwei Wang