arXiv:2607. 19101v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reliable Text Difficulty Assessment is a prerequisite for valid text simplification workflows and personalized learning applications.
By Yiheng Wu, Jue Hou, Roman Yangarber
arXiv:2608. 10812v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study reference-free post-training for multilingual machine translation with open large language models.
By Chris Han, Pengzhi Gao, Pei Fu, Jian Luan
arXiv:2608. 03803v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multilingual language models are deployed across a hundred or more languages, yet most benchmarks test whether a model can perform a task _in_ a language rather than whether it commands the language itself, conflating fluency with proficiency.
By Tom\'a\v{s} Burkert, Angelika Peljak-{\L}api\'nska, David Zelen\'y
arXiv:2606. 08011v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Although directly prompting off-the-shelf Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate meaning-preserving source rewrites can effectively enhance Machine Translation (MT) quality, doing so requires manually tuning prompts for different MT models.
By Boxuan Lyu, Haiyue Song, Zhi Qu, Hidetaka Kamigaito, Kotaro Funakoshi, Manabu Okumura
arXiv:2607. 17524v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose Token-Level Off-Policy Labeling (TOPL), an off-policy training paradigm that reframes post-training as a token-level correctness prediction task.
By Zitong Huang, Gustavo Lucas Carvalho, Deqing Fu, Robin Jia
arXiv:2607. 20456v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models excel at code generation for mainstream programming languages but struggle with rare, domain-specific languages such as MiniZinc, a constraint modeling language for combinatorial problems.
By Serdar Kadioglu, Karthik Uppuluri
arXiv:2607. 14101v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generating high-quality adversarial texts with low query budgets remains a challenging problem in the hard-label scenario.
By Shixin Guo, Ming Zhong, Xuhong Zhang, Dandan Zhao, Zhe Wang, Bo Zhang, Shouling Ji, Hao Peng
arXiv:2512. 07540v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Error Span Detection (ESD) extends automatic machine translation (MT) evaluation by localizing translation errors and labeling their severity.
By Boxuan Lyu, Haiyue Song, Hidetaka Kamigaito, Chenchen Ding, Hideki Tanaka, Masao Utiyama, Kotaro Funakoshi, Manabu Okumura
arXiv:2606. 09635v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Ensuring the reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs) under distribution drift requires inference-time adaptation.
By Hankun Lin, Ruqi Zhang
We propose Token-Level Off-Policy Labeling (TOPL), an off-policy training paradigm that reframes post-training as a token-level correctness prediction task. Our key intuition is that by training the model to distinguish good and bad tokens in a response, we naturally guide the model towards generating good tokens, while avoiding the pitfalls that come with directly training the model to generate off-policy tokens.
arXiv:2501. 18916v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent work has demonstrated the potential of large language models (LLMs) for program optimization, a key challenge in programming languages.
By Sagnik Anupam, Alexander Shypula, Osbert Bastani
arXiv:2607. 08646v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As available training data approaches its physical limit, gains from Scaling Laws have begun to diminish.
By Xinlong Zhao, Dongsheng Liu, Hengyu Zhao, Zixuan Fu, Zheng Wang, Jie Cai, Jie Zhou, Qiang Ma, Xuanhe Zhou, Xu Han, Yudong Wang, Zhiyuan Liu