The paper presents a new duality formulation for the Gromov‑Wasserstein distance that applies to all finitely supported metric‑measure spaces, with and without entropic regularization. Using this duality, the authors derive sample‑complexity bounds and limit distributions for empirical GW distances, and introduce algorithms with formal convergence guarantees. These results enable a principled, efficient method for testing isomorphism between distributions on graphs with a fixed number of nodes based on samples.
By Gabriel Rioux, Joanna Marks, Riccardo Passeggeri, Ziv Goldfeld
arXiv:2605. 09916v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We introduce the observable Wasserstein distance, a framework for deriving lower bounds on the Wasserstein distance between probability measures on Polish metric spaces, designed to bypass the computational intractability of exact optimal transport in large-scale, non-Euclidean datasets.
By Edivaldo Lopes dos Santos, Leandro Vicente Mauri, Washington Mio, Tom Needham
arXiv:2608.27500v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Network comparison using optimal transport is a growing area of research in network science. Unlike standard graph metrics, optimal transport...
By James Hyun, Fran\c{c}ois G. Meyer
arXiv:2203. 04711v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We present a framework for embedding graph structured data into a vector space, taking into account node features and topology of a graph into the optimal transport (OT) problem.
By Dai Hai Nguyen, Koji Tsuda
arXiv:2606. 02047v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce Convex Distance Operator Transport (CDOT), the first convex optimal transport framework that aligns distributions across heterogeneous domains by jointly preserving feature correspondence and intrinsic geometric structure.
By Junhyoung Chung, Euijong Song, Won Hwa Kim, Gunwoong Park
arXiv:2608. 04234v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study the problem of aligning data from multiple modalities into a shared representation space, focusing on settings where strong pretrained unimodal encoders are available but cross-modal paired data are scarce.
By Yixuan Florence Wu, Yilun Zhu, Naichen Shi
The paper introduces a geometric framework for measuring how far empirical datasets deviate from the Gaussian family using optimal transport theory. It defines two new quantities—the relative Wasserstein angle and the orthogonal projection distance—based on the cone structure of the relative translation invariant quadratic Wasserstein space, and shows that the usual moment‑matching Gaussian is not generally the $W_2$‑nearest Gaussian. Closed‑form expressions are derived for one‑dimensional and several location–scale families, while a numerical approximation is proposed for higher dimensions, with experiments demonstrating convergence, stability, and the angle’s robustness as a non‑Gaussianity indicator.
By Binshuai Wang, Peng Wei
arXiv:2607. 06644v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Determinantal point processes have recently emerged as a kernel-based alternative to standard independent sampling for constructing efficient minibatches, coresets, and other compact representations of large-scale datasets.
By Hoang-Son Tran, Pranav Gupta, Subhroshekhar Ghosh
The paper reviews the use of optimal transport for comparing undirected, unweighted graphs, focusing on three main distances: Wasserstein, Gromov-Wasserstein, and Bures-Wasserstein. It discusses closed-form solutions for the Wasserstein distance in one dimension, how transport plans identify influential nodes after perturbations, and derives spectral bounds for the Bures-Wasserstein distance to avoid full decompositions. The authors evaluate these distances on synthetic clustering data and a real-world time‑series network for anomaly detection.
By James Hyun, Fran\c{c}ois G. Meyer
arXiv:2511.09801v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: This work extends the recently introduced Alpha-Procrustes family of Riemannian metrics for symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices by inc...
By Salvish Goomanee, Andi Han, Pratik Jawanpuria, Bamdev Mishra
arXiv:2608. 11016v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Clustering is a fundamental class of data analysis techniques with the most important representatives being centroid-based methods like $k$-means.
By Florian Beier, Stephan Eckstein
arXiv:2606. 02223v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Estimating the generative mechanism of large-scale networks is a fundamental challenge in statistical machine learning.
By Charles Dufour, Ulysse Naepels, Leonardo V. Santoro