UI‑Venus‑2 is a general‑purpose foundation GUI agent that operates across mobile, web, and desktop environments using a unified closed‑loop reasoning‑action framework. The report details how the system expands environment coverage to over 170 multilingual mobile apps and native desktop OSes, scales task generation through a deep‑research pipeline, and enhances verification with trace‑level and sample‑level evaluators that use visual keypoints and multi‑model voting. Safety‑aware mechanisms are also incorporated to control consequential actions, positioning UI‑Venus‑2 as an efficient, open‑source tool for more generalizable, verifiable, and self‑reflective agents in real‑world applications.
By Venus Team, Zhuohan Cai, Haoxing Chen, Jiaxuan Chen, Weizhi Chen, Changlong Gao, Zhangxuan Gu, Yuan Guo, Yusong Hu, Jianrong Jiang, Jianguo Li, Runze Li, Jinzhen Lin, Zhenyu Ma, Changhua Meng, Han Peng, Xinyu Qiu, Shuheng Shen, Zhongyi Shui, Weiqiang Wang, Ming Wen, Zhuoer Xu, Hang Yan, Kaiwen Yang, Ruilin Yao, Nanjun Yu, Zhengwen Zeng, Lianrui Zhang, Yunzhu Zhang, Zhe Zhao, Beitong Zhou
arXiv:2606. 07594v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Personal AI agents must increasingly operate across APIs, shells, web surfaces, and desktop GUIs, yet many systems remain tuned to a single interface and offer limited support for user teaching and auditability.
By Bo Zhang, Borui Zhang, Chenghao Jiang, Minglei Shi, Xiaofeng Wang, Zheng Zhu, Jie Zhou, Jiwen Lu
arXiv:2606. 03103v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Real-world professional desktop workflows in specialized creative and engineering software unfold over long horizons and often require human-in-the-loop coordination, where agents proactively seek necessary information and users provide additional instructions, clarifications, feedback, or corrections as the task progresses.
By Wenkai Wang, Tao Xiong, Jingchen Ni, Yunpeng Bao, Xiyun Li, Tianqi Liu, Hongcan Guo, Zilong Huang, Shengyu Zhang
arXiv:2608. 15930v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation GUI agents can automate complex digital tasks, but deployment is hindered by scarce and biased training data, ambiguous prompts, and unreliable execution.
By Zihan Ding, Longxu Dou, Qi Gao, Xiangwu Guo, Shengchao Hu, Zilong Huang, Zihang Jiang, Lei Ke, Mengcheng Lan, Weixian Lei, Hanxuan Li, Honglin Li, Xiyun Li, Zaitang Li, Leowei Liang, Xin Luo, Haozhe Ma, Jiayi Mao, Zhoujie Pan, Can Qin, Tianyuan Qu, Weiqi Wang, Wenkai Wang, Yonglin Wang, Yuxin Wang, Chenxu Wu, Yingchen Yu, Chenyu Zhang, Yuhao Zheng
arXiv:2605. 25160v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: GUI agents powered by large language models are advancing rapidly, creating urgent needs for evaluation and training based on realistic environments.
By Guohong Liu, Jialei Ye, Pengzhi Gao, Wei Liu, Jian Luan, Yunxin Liu, Yuanchun Li
arXiv:2606. 11042v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent years have witnessed the rapid evolution of AI agents toward handling increasingly complex, real-world tasks.
By Liya Zhu, Jingzhe Ding, Jian Zhang, Jianbo Xue, Shihao Liang, Ge Zhang, Xiang Gao, Qingshui Gu, Mailun Gao, Huimin Che, Yan Zhao, Peiheng Zhou, Haojun Wang, Chaobo Xian, Lili Le, Chi Wu, Yiwei Liu, Shengda Long, Jiale Yang, Fangzhi Xu, Sijin Wu, Haodong Duan, Yi Zhu, Chao He, Zhaojian Li, Minchao Wang, Huan Zhou, Jiani Hou, Chuqian Yu, Weiran Shi, Hongwan Gao, Jiamin Chen, Guanhong Chen, Tingqin Luo, Kaiyuan Zhang, Zhixin Yao, Qing Hua, Yuhao Jiang, Jin Chen, Pu Chen, Zhenyu Hu, Xingyu Li, Zhengxuan Jiang, Meng Cao, Tianfeng Long, Haozhe Wang, Mingzhang Wang, Yichen Zhang, Yiming Dai, Chenchen Zhang, Jiaying Wang, Zhiyong Wu, Shen Yan, Yujia Qin, Wenhao Huang, Zaiyuan Wang, Xiaolong Chang
arXiv:2511. 07332v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Building reliable computer-use agents requires grounding: accurately connecting natural language instructions to the correct on-screen elements.
By Aarash Feizi, Shravan Nayak, Xiangru Jian, Kevin Qinghong Lin, Kaixin Li, Rabiul Awal, Xing Han L\`u, Johan Obando-Ceron, Juan A. Rodriguez, Nicolas Chapados, David Vazquez, Adriana Romero-Soriano, Reihaneh Rabbany, Perouz Taslakian, Christopher Pal, Spandana Gella, Sai Rajeswar
arXiv:2606. 24551v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Computer-use agents can execute software tasks through either graphical interfaces or programmatic command interfaces, but existing evaluations confound interaction modality with differences in tasks, initial states, verifiers, and permitted actions.
By Xiao Zhou, Siyue Zhang, Yilun Zhao, Jinbiao Wei, Tingyu Song, Arman Cohan, Chen Zhao
arXiv:2607. 25904v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graphical user interface task evaluation aims to determine whether a GUI agent has successfully completed a user instruction.
By Chenrui Shi, Yuwei Wu, Yang Liu, Ruining Feng, Zirui Shang, Zhi Gao, Lifeng Fan, Che Sun
arXiv:2608. 15591v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Model (LLM) agents deployed in production environments face a fundamental tension: the agent's behavior is frozen at deployment time, while the business rules and edge cases it must handle continue to evolve.
By Pouya Ghiasnezhad Omran, Michael Zimmermann, Duncan Cambridge, Ashmita Kapoor, Tanya Dixit
VLAA-GUI is a modular framework for autonomous GUI agents that addresses early stopping and repetitive loops by integrating three core components: a Completeness Verifier, a Loop Breaker, and an on-demand Search Agent. The framework also includes optional Coding and Grounding Agents for specialized tasks. Evaluations on five backbones across Linux and Windows benchmarks show strong performance, with some models surpassing human results and the Loop Breaker significantly reducing wasted steps.
By Qijun Han, Haoqin Tu, Zijun Wang, Haoyue Dai, Yiyang Zhou, Nancy Lau, Alvaro A. Cardenas, Yuhui Xu, Ran Xu, Caiming Xiong, Zeyu Zheng, Huaxiu Yao, Yuyin Zhou, Cihang Xie
arXiv:2607. 15193v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graphical user interface (GUI) automation remains challenging in real-world environments, where dynamic layouts, unexpected dialogs, and evolving interface states can cause autonomous agents to drift from user intent.
By Madhumitha Venkatesan, Shicheng Wen, Jiajing Guo, Jorge Piazentin Ono, Liu Ren, Dongyu Liu