Reinforcement learning (RL) is becoming increasingly important for post-training large language models (LLMs). Previous RL pipelines for LLMs were mostly synchronous and batch-interleaved, which is inefficient for long-horizon agentic tasks.
arXiv:2607. 07508v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) is becoming increasingly important for post-training large language models (LLMs).
By Zhenyu Hou, Yujiang Li, Jie Tang, Yuxiao Dong
arXiv:2607. 22186v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Asynchronous reinforcement learning (RL) accelerates large language model (LLM) post-training by overlapping rollout generation with policy optimization, but the resulting stale, off-policy data can destabilize optimization and ultimately cause policy collapse.
By Guanqun Zhao, Zijun Xie, Binbin Zheng, Enlei Gong, Jiafeng Lu, Yehan Yang, Aoqi Hu, Zeyu Chen
arXiv:2606. 29526v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has gained growing attention in large language model (LLM) post-training, yet RL training remains fragile and can suffer from instability or collapse.
By Jing Liang, Hongyao Tang, Yi Ma, Yancheng He, Weixun Wang, Xiaoyang Li, Ju Huang, Wenbo Su, Jinyi Liu, Yan Zheng, Jianye Hao, Bo Zheng
arXiv:2604. 00860v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a central post-training paradigm for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models.
By Huaiyang Wang, Xiaojie Li, Deqing Wang, Haoyi Zhou, Zixuan Huang, Yaodong Yang, Jianxin Li, Yikun Ban
arXiv:2607. 06987v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become the standard paradigm for enhancing the complex reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs).
By Chongyu Fan, Pengfei Liu, Jingjia Huang, Sijia Liu, Yi Lin
arXiv:2605. 21557v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Conventional wisdom holds that large-batch training is fundamentally incompatible with Reinforcement Learning (RL) - beyond a modest threshold, increasing batch sizes typically yields diminishing returns or performance degradation due to the inherent non-stationarity of the data distribution.
By Jongchan Park
arXiv:2608. 16739v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning algorithms for Large Language Models (LLMs) are largely distinguished by their variance reduction strategy.
By Siddarth Venkatraman, Matthieu Dinot, Laurence Aitchison
arXiv:2606. 12370v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a key component in modern large language models, yet the rollout stage remains the key bottleneck in RL training pipelines.
By Yucheng Li, Huiqiang Jiang, Yang Xu, Jianxin Yang, Yi Zhang, Yizhong Cao, Yuhao Shen, Fan Zhou, Rui Men, Jianwei Zhang, An Yang, Bowen Yu, Bo Zheng, Fei Huang, Junyang Lin, Dayiheng Liu, Jingren Zhou
Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training for large language models (LLMs) follows a efficient paradigm of "rollout then update", which inevitably results in off-policy training data. To resolve this, Importance sampling (IS) is proposed, while the token-level ratios compound over long sequences, causing severe variance exploded.
arXiv:2608. 01418v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autoregressive rollout generation is a major computational cost in reinforcement learning for large language models.
By Wenhao Zhang, Yibo Xie, Rui Wang, Jiahua Yang, Lei Jiang, Zibo Yang, Yawei Wang, Jiali Xu, jasperawang, Haoyang Long, Huan Xiong, alantzhao
arXiv:2601. 07408v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as a promising critic-free reinforcement learning paradigm for reasoning tasks.
By Ziheng Li, Liu Kang, Feng Xiao, Luxi Xing, Qingyi Si, Zhuoran Li, Weikang Gong, Deqing Yang, Yanghua Xiao, Hongcheng Guo