arXiv Machine Learning

Securing LLMs in the Wild: Privacy and Security Challenges at the Edge

arXiv:2607. 13088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly moving from research settings into the wild, deployed on enterprise infrastructure, personal devices, and edge platforms.

arXiv AI
Sep 15

SpliTEE: Improving LLM Inference on Trusted Hardware with Differentially Private GPU Outsourcing

SpliTEE extends the split‑inference architecture of Slalom to large language models by protecting intermediate GPU computations with differential privacy rather than encryption. The authors show that masking intermediate representations is essential, as a prompt‑reconstruction attack can recover prompts with about 80% accuracy. Their global sensitivity analysis bounds the noise needed, and they demonstrate that SpliTEE on Intel TDX achieves near‑double the speed of fully CPU‑based inference and outperforms encryption‑based Slalom while maintaining higher accuracy.

By Shashie Dilhara Batan Arachchige, Robin Carpentier, Hassan Jameel Asghar, Dali Kaafar
arXiv AI
Aug 3

MOSAIC: Masked Outsourcing of Secure AI Computations

arXiv:2607. 29221v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We address the challenge of securely and efficiently outsourcing AI computations from a trusted but computationally weak client to an untrusted but powerful server, in the setting where the client holds both the input and the model, and the server must learn neither.

By James Hsin-yu Chiang, Sheila Zingg, Kari Kostiainen, Srdjan Capkun
arXiv AI
3d ago

Trusted Weights, Treacherous Optimizations? Optimization-Triggered Backdoor Attacks on LLMs

The paper investigates how inference optimization for large language models can introduce numerical inconsistencies that trigger hidden backdoors. It introduces two types of optimization‑triggered backdoors: the Input‑Specific Optimization Backdoor (ISOB) and the Universal Optimization Backdoor (UOB), the latter enabling a model to remain benign under normal execution but activate a backdoor when optimization is applied. Experiments on seven open‑source LLMs, across multiple tasks and optimization backends, show UOB can achieve up to 100% attack success while maintaining clean accuracy, and the authors propose three defenses that reduce the attack success rate to 0.02.

By Yifei Wang, Yida Yang, Tianlin Li, Xiaohan Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Li Pan
arXiv AI
2d ago

Tokenized Key-Gated Adapter Routing: A Secure Access Control Mechanism Against Private Data Leakage in LLMs

Tokenized Key-Gated Adapter Routing (Locket) is a framework that embeds fine‑grained, policy‑driven access control into large language models by training lightweight LoRA adapters for different privacy policies. A gating module associates a learned keyed entry token with a specific adapter, allowing authorized tokens to unlock private knowledge while invalid or missing tokens trigger privacy‑preserving adapters that redact or sanitize sensitive content. Experiments on datasets such as Enron, ECHR, and Yelp with models like Qwen3, Llama‑3.2, and Gemma‑2‑2B show that Locket maintains perplexity comparable to fine‑tuning when the correct token is provided, and significantly reduces PII leakage when the token is absent or invalid, without sacrificing utility.

By Mohamed Shaaban, Mohamed Elmahallawy
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 9

AI-Native Closed-Loop Security for 6G-Enabled Cyber-Physical Systems: From Edge Detection to Network-Wide Mitigation

arXiv:2606. 08173v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In sixth-generation (6G) networks, billions of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) - autonomous vehicles, smart grids, industrial robots, and remote-surgical equipment - will run over ultra-reliable low-latency slices, collapsing the gap between a remote breach and physical harm to milliseconds, a budget perimeter firewalls and centralised security operations centres cannot meet.

By Bilal Hussain, Muhammad Bilal, Tan Li, Haris Pervaiz, Xiao Tang, Qinghe Du, Fawad Ahmad, Muhammad Azhar, Jun Zhang