CellMSA introduces a novel single‑cell representation learning framework that leverages a multiple‑sequence‑alignment‑inspired context model. For each target cell, it retrieves relevant cells across batches and related cell types, summarizing cross‑cell patterns into a context‑dependent gene‑pair representation that is fed into a pair‑aware encoder. Pretraining on a massive human single‑cell corpus (≈109 million cells) and subsequent benchmarks demonstrate consistent performance gains over existing methods.
By Suyuan Zhao, Minghao Liu, Yizhen Luo, Zaiqing Nie
arXiv:2606. 07760v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding cellular phenotypes and how they respond to perturbations is critical for disease biology and therapeutic design.
By Alma Andersson, Aya Abdelsalam Ismail, Edward De Brouwer, Doron Haviv, Tommaso Biancalani, Kyunghyun Cho, Gabriele Scalia, A\"icha BenTaieb, Hector Corrada Bravo
LapDDPM is a conditional Graph Diffusion Probabilistic Model that generates high‑fidelity, biologically plausible single‑cell RNA sequencing data. It incorporates graph‑based inductive biases and a spectral adversarial perturbation mechanism to enforce robustness against structural noise, effectively acting as a Distributionally Robust Optimization framework. The model extends to spatial transcriptomics and multi‑modal data, and experimental results on datasets such as PBMC3K, Dentate Gyrus, HLCA, Visium, and 10x Multiome show it outperforms state‑of‑the‑art baselines in distribution matching, manifold preservation, and downstream utility.
By Lorenzo Bini, Stephane Marchand-Maillet
arXiv:2606. 27752v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Single-cell perturbation models can reduce costly wet-lab screening by predicting how cells respond transcriptionally to interventions.
By Dongxia Wu, Mingyu Li, Yuhui Zhang, Anurendra Kumar, Emma Lundberg, Serena Yeung-Levy, Emily B. Fox
PopPert is a framework that models population-level joint gene expression distributions to predict transcriptional responses to perturbations in single-cell RNA sequencing data. By using a low‑rank Gaussian Copula, it captures gene co‑expression patterns and eliminates the need for cell‑to‑cell correspondence, thereby reducing sensitivity to single‑cell noise. Across multiple benchmarks, PopPert outperforms existing methods in differential expression recovery, perturbation effect estimation, and distribution matching, demonstrating the effectiveness of population‑level joint distribution learning for unpaired single‑cell data.
By Handong Wang, Jiaxin Qi, Haochen Feng, Baisheng Lai
arXiv:2606. 11286v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-content imaging assays quantify cellular responses to chemical and genetic perturbations, yet continuous trajectories of individual cells are unobservable because cells are chemically fixed at acquisition.
By Xurui Wang, Qin Ren, Jun Ma, Haibin Ling, Chenyu You
arXiv:2606. 12838v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Predicting single-cell transcriptional responses to genetic, chemical and cytokine perturbations is a fundamental challenge in computational biology and AI Virtual Cell (AIVC) modeling, with direct implications for drug discovery and the elucidation of gene regulatory networks.
By Danning Jiang, Zheming An, Yalong Zhao, Lipeng Lai
arXiv:2606. 07676v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Spatial transcriptomics (ST) is a powerful tool for exploring biological properties dependent on structure, proximity, and interaction in tissue.
By Joseph Boyd, Matthew Lyon, Martino Mansoldo, Christian Hurry, Finnian Firth
arXiv:2608. 11269v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Omics datasets, particularly single-cell RNA sequencing data, are high-dimensional, sparse, noisy, and dominated by zero values, making faithful low-dimensional representation challenging.
By Fenosoa Randrianjatovo, Maya Saleh, Simon Girard, Amadou Barry
arXiv:2608. 15306v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-throughput single-cell and spatial transcriptomic technologies provide high-resolution snapshots of heterogeneous cellular states, but their destructive nature prevents repeated measurements of the same cells over time.
By Mary Chriselda Antony Oliver, Kaitlyn Hohmeier, Tuyen Tran, Alejandra Castillo, Caroline Moosm\"uller, Shiying Li
arXiv:2608.23114v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Predicting transcriptome-wide responses to unseen genetic perturbations remains a major computational challenge because accurate prediction requires...
By Jiawen Liu, Xuechenxiao Cao, Yutong Li, Bing Liu, Jiaming Liang, Tinghe Zhang, Xiaoqi Sheng, Hongmin Cai
The paper introduces a multimodal framework that learns subcellularly resolved cell embeddings by integrating RNA expression profiles, protein sequence representations, and protein structural information using a cross‑attention architecture. This approach models interactions within distinct subcellular compartments, producing fine‑grained embeddings that capture both molecular expression patterns and functional protein properties. It is presented as the first method to jointly incorporate transcriptomic data, sequence, and structural knowledge for subcellularly resolved cell representation.
By Zhen Zhou, Jiachen Li, Yuan Liu, Xiaoyong Pan, Hong-Bin Shen